A paper has been published with neuron on sampling in the visual cortex:
Orbán G, Berkes P, Fiser J, Lengyel M (2016)
Neural variability and sampling-based
probabilistic representations in the visual cortex.
Neuron, 92:530–543.
Thanks to Xaq Pitkow, there is a preview piece as well: Probability by Time.
For further details of the research check the page of the project.